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Zoology and plant protection. Part One

Insect parasites and predators have long been widely used to control pests of agricultural plants. Breeding and release into nature of a trichogram can be considered a well-developed and widely used method. The disadvantages of the most common chemical method of plant protection force the development of other, primarily biological methods. Infection of harmful insects, rodents with specific and deadly diseases for them in some cases may be the most cost-effective method. Pathogenic bacteria (bitoxibacillin, or BTB-202, as well as lepidocide), fungi (boverin) are used, but only further study of insects, rodents can make it possible to find new, even more effective pathogens of agricultural and forest pests. Ornithologists from a number of countries, including Russia, have developed a system of measures to protect and attract birds. The method of protecting plants from pests with the help of insectivorous birds is used in forestry and horticulture. Entomologists, vertebrate zoologists, biochemists and animal physiologists, geneticists and many other specialists are also finding fundamentally new ways to protect crops from pests and diseases. Various physiological processes in the body of animals are stimulated or inhibited by special substances — hormones that are formed in the body. It was found that in insects, the caterpillar begins to pupate only when the juvenile hormone disappears in its body. If it is contained even in microscopic doses in the caterpillar's body, then it does not pupate and dies. Experiments have shown that 1 g of juvenile hormone is enough to destroy 1 billion individuals of flour crunch. It was possible to obtain a synthetic analogue of juvenile hormone. When spraying plants eaten by insects with it, the development stops and after a while the death of insects occurs.


No less promising may be the use of ecdysone, a hormone that causes the molting of larvae. For the first time, molting hormone was obtained from 1 ton of restaurant crayfish waste in the amount of 0.002 mg (i.e. 2 billion shares). Under the influence of this hormone, the larvae begin to shed prematurely and die. It is believed that hormones, or rather their synthesized analogues, are the "third generation" of pesticides, replacing the "second" - organochlorine and organophosphate compounds. The replacement of poisons with physiological preparations will give great progressive transformations in the protection of agricultural crops in the future. In the life of insects, for example, butterflies, for a long time it was unclear how males search for females. Entomologists have found that insects have pheromones — substances with a specific odor released by animals into the external environment, i.e. sexual attractants (attracting substances). The moon princess demo is also useful for new players just starting out in the online casino world. It will help you get used to the game interface and understand the rules of the game without financial risk. By playing the demo version, you can experiment with different bets and find out which combinations of symbols will bring you winning combinations. Playing the free demo version of Moon Princess also offers you the opportunity to simply enjoy the game without any financial constraints and pressure.

 

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